In the middle of the green zone flanking Luxembourg’s historic centre and resting atop the ramparts of the former Fort Vauban is a museum of the same name. Since 1959 this institution has housed the city’s collection of paintings. In 2002, Heirend and Schmit were commissioned to refurbish and extend the building – a late-nineteenth-century bourgeoisie villa nestled in the idyllic park landscape (designed in the 1870s by Edouard André). Despite the considerable size of the new program, the architects were able to sensitively insert the addition to the museum into this historic setting. Seen from the street, the single-storey building massing allows the original building to continue to occupy centre stage. The new structure’s inclined roof surfaces allude to the gently modulated landforms.